Short answer: No, a player (whether he is wolf or villager) cannot kill himself
The rule clearly states that a player who is a lover must not cast a vote (even to mislead others) against his partner. This rule can only make sense if we consider that a player cannot vote against himself either.
However, the other players have indeed the right to vote against one of their fellow-villager/wolf. This is allowed during the day, and I believe can also be done during the night for strategic reasons. For instance a group of wolves could attack another one that they suspect to be the white wolf (available in one extension).
So, the strategy you mentioned could work, but it requires at least 3 wolves in play (if we consider that all must place a vote, two wolves would lead to a draw when one decides to vote against his peer).
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I am basing this explanation on the game "Les loups-garous de Thiercelieux" (English version is "The Werewolves of Millers Hollow"). This is as far as I know the original werewolves game using the older "Mafia" concept.
The rules in French version of this game do allow werewolves voting against each other, and this possibility is clearly stated in this official website: http://www.loups-garous.com